Keywords
emergency
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
toxidermia
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a serious form of drug toxidermia, characterized by the abrupt destruction of the superficial layer of the skin and mucous membranes. Although rare, this severe form is life threatening
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of two cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis in the emergency department (ED).
Methods: A retrospective study of two cases of patients admitted to the ED on Mongi Slim academic hospital in 2014 and 2017 with diagnoses of: Lyell and Stevens Johnson syndromes with iconography.
Cases: We report two cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis admitted in the ED. The first patient with the diagnosis of Lyell syndrome had an estimated zone of epidermis detachment of 50% and the second patient presented with Stevens Johnson syndrome with lesions of the external genitalia and mucous membranes. The lesions were multivisceral for both patients. The interval between the first dose and the onset of the symptomatology was 48 hours, the incriminated drugs were clavulanic acid / amoxicillin for Lyell’s Syndrome and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for Stevens Johnson. The imputability of these drugs was likely. The mortality risk, according to the Scorten score, was about 90% for Lyell syndrome and 35.3% for Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Immediate cessation of the drug administration was the first therapeutic measure. Both patients received rehydration, parenteral nutrition with glycemic control and pain management. The evolution was favorable for the Stevens Johnson syndrome, the patient with a syndrome of Lyell died of a septic shock.
Conclusion: The early diagnosis and treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis condition the prognosis. The management of this serious toxidermia must be multidisciplinary.
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